[3] A. Zanella et al., “Internet of Things for Smart Cities,” IEEE Internet of Things Journal , vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 22–32, 2014.
[2] IIUM Smart Campus Blueprint 2025, “Digital Transformation Division,” International Islamic University Malaysia, 2019. i-monitor iium
| Component | Model | Parameter Measured | Range / Accuracy | |-----------|-------|--------------------|------------------| | Microcontroller | ESP8266 (NodeMCU) / ESP32 | Processing & WiFi | – | | CO₂ & Air Quality | MQ-135 | CO₂, NH₃, benzene | 10–1000 ppm (CO₂) | | Temperature & Humidity | DHT22 | Temp, RH | ±0.5°C, ±2% RH | | Smoke & Combustible Gas | MQ-2 | LPG, smoke, H₂ | 300–10000 ppm | | Flame (UV/IR) | KY-026 | Fire (presence) | Digital 0/1 | | PIR Motion | HC-SR501 | Occupancy | 3–7 m range | | Light | LDR (5528) | Ambient light | 0–1023 (ADC) | | Component | Model | Parameter Measured |